Selected year snapshot
For 1999, the active event in this file is Baseline.
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Current rationale
Cambodia did not have a modern copyright law in force on 1990-01-01. The Kingdom of Cambodia (State of Cambodia at that time) had no comprehensive copyright statute that can be verified via primary sources. The first modern copyright law was the Law on Copyrights and Related Rights adopted in 2003. No pre-2003 copyright statute text could be located or verified through web search. Therefore the baseline is set at 1990-01-01 with no verifiable exceptions in force.
Law changes
Baseline
Baseline · Effective 1990-01-01
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Dates: Effective 1990-01-01
Why this score
Cambodia did not have a modern copyright law in force on 1990-01-01. The Kingdom of Cambodia (State of Cambodia at that time) had no comprehensive copyright statute that can be verified via primary sources. The first modern copyright law was the Law on Copyrights and Related Rights adopted in 2003. No pre-2003 copyright statute text could be located or verified through web search. Therefore the baseline is set at 1990-01-01 with no verifiable exceptions in force.
Law on Copyrights and Related Rights (2003)
Relevant update · Effective 2003-03-05
60%
Relevant section: Articles 24, 25, 29
Dates: Effective 2003-03-05 · Enacted 2003-01-21
Why this score
Exception Inventory assessment: (1) Article 24 permits private reproduction of a published work in a single copy by a natural person exclusively for personal purposes — this covers reproduction of full works but is restricted to natural persons acting privately (LIGHT BLUE). (2) Article 25 para 2 permits library preservation copies 'for the purpose of conservation or research' — this is limited to libraries and to preservation/conservation copies, not general research reproduction (PURPLE at best, but narrow). (3) Article 25 para 3 permits 'use of work for the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain' — this is educational, not research per se, and does not clearly cover research reproduction. (4) Article 25 para 5 permits 'analyses and short quotations' — limited to short quotations, not full works (RED). (5) Article 29 permits use for educational illustration — educational, not research. The most permissive exception for research use is Article 24: it permits reproduction of full works of any type by a natural person for personal purposes. This would cover private study and personal research. However, it is restricted to natural persons acting privately and does not cover sharing/communication. There is no general fair use or fair dealing clause. There is no unqualified research exception open to all users. The library exception in Art. 25 is for conservation/research but limited to libraries (PURPLE) and appears to be about preservation copies rather than general research reproduction. Classification-neutral factors (single copy limit, non-commercial nature) were not factored into the color. The most permissive applicable exception is Article 24 (LIGHT BLUE).
Exceptions considered
Private reproduction of a published work in a single copy by a natural person exclusively for personal purposes.
Library preservation of a copy of work for the purpose of conservation or research.
Use of work for the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain.
Analyses and short quotations justified by critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informative nature.
Use of a legally published work for illustration in publications or broadcasting intended for educational purposes.
Original text
Article 24 The private reproduction of a published work in a single copy shall be permitted without the authorization of the author or the right-holder, where the reproduction is made by a natural person exclusively for his own personal purposes. Article 25 The author cannot prohibit the following acts: - Free and private representations made exclusively to a close circle of people such as family or friends. - The arrangement to preserve in a library the copy of work for the purpose of conservation or research. - The use of work for the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain. - The translation of works from Khmer language into the languages of the ethnic minorities or vice versa; If there is a clear indication of the author's name and the source of work, the following acts are not subjected to any prohibitions by the author: - The analyses and short quotations justified by the critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informative nature of that work. - The broadcasting of press commentary. - The dissemination of speeches addresses to the public either entirely or in part, through press release or television broadcasting. - The adaptation of comic, style or caricature, based on original work. - The reproduction of graphic or plastic work which is situated in the public place, when this reproduction doesn't constitute the principle subject for subsequent reproduction. Article 29 Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 21 of this law, it is permitted to: - Use a legally published work for the purpose of illustration in publication such as book or newspaper, or by broadcasting, or by audio or visual screening which are intended for educational purposes, without payment of any remuneration.
English rendering
Article 24: The private reproduction of a published work in a single copy shall be permitted without the authorization of the author or the right-holder, where the reproduction is made by a natural person exclusively for his own personal purposes. Article 25: The author cannot prohibit the following acts: [...] The arrangement to preserve in a library the copy of work for the purpose of conservation or research. The use of work for the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain. [...] The analyses and short quotations justified by the critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informative nature of that work. [...] Article 29: [...] Use a legally published work for the purpose of illustration in publication such as book or newspaper, or by broadcasting, or by audio or visual screening which are intended for educational purposes, without payment of any remuneration.
Source links
Law on the Copyright and Related Rights (2023 amendment / new law)
Relevant update · Effective 2020-12-23
60%
Dates: Effective 2020-12-23 · Enacted 2020-12-23
Why this score
The EuroCham Cambodia website lists a 'Law on the Copyright and Related Rights' with a promulgation date of 23/12/2020, issued by the Ministry of Culture and Fine Art. However, the actual statutory text of this updated law could not be accessed or verified via web search. The downloadable file was not retrievable. Without access to the full text, it is not possible to determine whether the exceptions and limitations were changed from the 2003 law. Based on available information, no source indicates that the research-relevant exceptions (Articles 24, 25, 29 of the 2003 law) were materially altered. The classification is maintained at LIGHT BLUE based on the assumption that the private reproduction exception (Art. 24 equivalent) remains the most permissive research-relevant exception. This is a provisional classification pending verification of the actual text.
Exceptions considered
Private reproduction of a published work in a single copy by a natural person exclusively for personal purposes (assumed carried forward from 2003 law).
Library preservation of a copy of work for conservation or research (assumed carried forward).
Analyses and short quotations justified by critical, pedagogical, scientific or informative nature (assumed carried forward).
Source links
Law on the Copyright and Related Rights
Current law confirmation · Effective 2025-01-01
60%
Relevant section: Articles 24, 25, 29 (2003 law provisions, as potentially updated by 2020 law)
Dates: Effective 2025-01-01
Why this score
As of 2025, the most permissive research-relevant exception in Cambodian copyright law that can be verified is Article 24 of the 2003 Law on Copyrights and Related Rights (or its equivalent in the 2020 updated law). This permits private reproduction of a published work in a single copy by a natural person exclusively for personal purposes. This covers full works of any type but is restricted to natural persons acting privately — it does not cover sharing/communication and does not extend to institutional use. The library exception (Art. 25 para 2) is limited to libraries for conservation/research purposes (PURPLE). The quotation exception (Art. 25 para 5) is limited to short quotations (RED). The educational exceptions (Art. 25 para 3, Art. 29) cover 'use' for education but are not specifically research exceptions. No TDM exception exists. No general fair use or fair dealing clause exists. Classification-neutral factors (single copy limit, non-commercial nature) were not factored into the color decision. The overall classification is LIGHT BLUE based on Article 24 as the most permissive exception applicable to research use.
Exceptions considered
Private reproduction of a published work in a single copy by a natural person exclusively for personal purposes. Covers full works of any type but restricted to private/personal use by natural persons.
Library preservation of a copy of work for the purpose of conservation or research. Limited to libraries.
Use of work for the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain. Covers 'use' broadly but limited to educational purposes.
Analyses and short quotations justified by critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informative nature. Limited to short quotations, not full works.
Use of a legally published work for illustration in publications or broadcasting intended for educational purposes.
Original text
Article 24 The private reproduction of a published work in a single copy shall be permitted without the authorization of the author or the right-holder, where the reproduction is made by a natural person exclusively for his own personal purposes. Article 25 The author cannot prohibit the following acts: - Free and private representations made exclusively to a close circle of people such as family or friends. - The arrangement to preserve in a library the copy of work for the purpose of conservation or research. - The use of work for the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain. - The translation of works from Khmer language into the languages of the ethnic minorities or vice versa; If there is a clear indication of the author's name and the source of work, the following acts are not subjected to any prohibitions by the author: - The analyses and short quotations justified by the critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informative nature of that work.
English rendering
Article 24: The private reproduction of a published work in a single copy shall be permitted without the authorization of the author or the right-holder, where the reproduction is made by a natural person exclusively for his own personal purposes. Article 25: The author cannot prohibit the following acts: The arrangement to preserve in a library the copy of work for the purpose of conservation or research. The use of work for the purposes of education, which is not for financial gain. [...] The analyses and short quotations justified by the critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informative nature of that work.