Selected year snapshot
For 1999, the active event in this file is Act on Protection of Authors, Composers and Artists Rights (قانون حمایت حقوق مؤلفان و مصنفان و هنرمندان).
100%
Current rationale
Article 7(1) permits 'use' (استفاده) of another's work for personal use and not for profit. The term 'use' (استفاده) is broad and not limited to reproduction alone — it covers any exclusive right. Article 7(3) permits borrowing from works in scientific writings in the form of quotation with citation. Article 7(2) permits use for review and criticism. The most permissive provision is Article 7(1): it covers 'use' (not merely reproduction), applies to all types of works without exclusion, and is available to any user (though qualified as 'personal use' and non-profit). However, the word used is 'استفاده شخصی' (personal use), which restricts the beneficiary to individuals acting personally. This would normally suggest LIGHT BLUE. But Article 7(3) permits use in scientific and technical works (quotation with citation), which is open to any user and covers scientific research broadly. Additionally, Article 7(1) uses the broad term 'استفاده' (use) which covers any dealing with the work. On closer analysis, Article 7(1) is qualified by 'personal use' (شخصی), restricting the user class to individuals. Article 7(3) is limited to quotation (نقل قول), which suggests excerpts rather than full works. The most permissive reading for research is Article 7(1): personal use covering any type of use of any work, but restricted to personal/individual use. This maps to LIGHT BLUE. However, the term 'استفاده' (use) in Article 7(1) is very broad — it covers reproduction, communication, and any other dealing. Since it is qualified as 'personal' (شخصی), the classification is LIGHT BLUE. Non-commercial restriction is classification-neutral. Re-evaluating: Article 7(1) permits 'use' of works for 'personal use' — this is a private/personal use exception covering all exclusive rights and all works, but limited to individual/personal use. This is LIGHT BLUE.
Exceptions considered
Use of another's work for personal use and not for profit — covers any type of use, any work, but restricted to personal/individual use
Use of another's work for introducing, reviewing or criticizing it — open to any user but limited to criticism/review purpose
Borrowing from another's work in scientific, technical, educational writings in the form of quotation with citation — limited to quotation/excerpts
Use of another's work in press, radio and television for education purposes
Use of another's work in judicial and administrative proceedings
Law changes
Act on Protection of Authors, Composers and Artists Rights (قانون حمایت حقوق مؤلفان و مصنفان و هنرمندان)
Baseline · Effective 1970-01-11
100%
Relevant section: Articles 7-8
Dates: Effective 1970-01-11 · Enacted 1970-01-11
Why this score
Article 7(1) permits 'use' (استفاده) of another's work for personal use and not for profit. The term 'use' (استفاده) is broad and not limited to reproduction alone — it covers any exclusive right. Article 7(3) permits borrowing from works in scientific writings in the form of quotation with citation. Article 7(2) permits use for review and criticism. The most permissive provision is Article 7(1): it covers 'use' (not merely reproduction), applies to all types of works without exclusion, and is available to any user (though qualified as 'personal use' and non-profit). However, the word used is 'استفاده شخصی' (personal use), which restricts the beneficiary to individuals acting personally. This would normally suggest LIGHT BLUE. But Article 7(3) permits use in scientific and technical works (quotation with citation), which is open to any user and covers scientific research broadly. Additionally, Article 7(1) uses the broad term 'استفاده' (use) which covers any dealing with the work. On closer analysis, Article 7(1) is qualified by 'personal use' (شخصی), restricting the user class to individuals. Article 7(3) is limited to quotation (نقل قول), which suggests excerpts rather than full works. The most permissive reading for research is Article 7(1): personal use covering any type of use of any work, but restricted to personal/individual use. This maps to LIGHT BLUE. However, the term 'استفاده' (use) in Article 7(1) is very broad — it covers reproduction, communication, and any other dealing. Since it is qualified as 'personal' (شخصی), the classification is LIGHT BLUE. Non-commercial restriction is classification-neutral. Re-evaluating: Article 7(1) permits 'use' of works for 'personal use' — this is a private/personal use exception covering all exclusive rights and all works, but limited to individual/personal use. This is LIGHT BLUE.
Exceptions considered
Use of another's work for personal use and not for profit — covers any type of use, any work, but restricted to personal/individual use
Use of another's work for introducing, reviewing or criticizing it — open to any user but limited to criticism/review purpose
Borrowing from another's work in scientific, technical, educational writings in the form of quotation with citation — limited to quotation/excerpts
Use of another's work in press, radio and television for education purposes
Use of another's work in judicial and administrative proceedings
Original text
ماده ۷ - موارد زیر نقض حقوق پدیدآورنده محسوب نمیشود: ۱- استفاده از اثر دیگری برای استفاده شخصی و نه به منظور انتفاع. ۲- استفاده از اثر دیگری برای معرفی یا نقد و بررسی آن. ۳- برداشتن از اثر دیگری در نوشتهها و مقالات و آثار علمی و فنی و آموزشی و تربیتی به صورت نقل قول با ذکر مأخذ. ۴- استفاده از اثر دیگری در مطبوعات و رادیو و تلویزیون به منظور تعلیم و تربیت. ۵- استفاده از اثر دیگری برای استفاده در مراجع قضایی و اداری.
English rendering
[Unofficial translation]: Article 7 - The following shall not be considered infringement of the rights of the creator: 1- Use of another's work for personal use and not for the purpose of profit. 2- Use of another's work for the purpose of introducing or reviewing and criticizing it. 3- Borrowing from another's work in writings, articles, and scientific, technical, educational and pedagogical works in the form of quotation with citation of the source. 4- Use of another's work in the press, radio and television for the purpose of education. 5- Use of another's work for use in judicial and administrative proceedings.
Source links
Law on the Protection of Computer Software (قانون حمایت از پدیدآورندگان نرمافزارهای رایانهای)
Relevant update · Effective 2000-10-04
60%
Relevant section: Articles 4-5
Dates: Effective 2000-10-04 · Enacted 2000-10-04
Why this score
The 2000 Computer Software Protection Law added specific provisions for software. Article 4 permits reproduction of software for personal use and non-commercial purposes. This is consistent with the existing personal use exception in the 1970 Act (Art. 7(1)). The overall classification remains LIGHT BLUE because the most permissive research-relevant exception across both laws is still the personal use exception (Art. 7(1) of the 1970 Act), which covers 'use' of any work for personal purposes. The software law does not add a broader research exception. All other exceptions from the 1970 Act remain in force.
Exceptions considered
Use of another's work for personal use and not for profit — covers any type of use, any work, restricted to personal use
Use for introducing, reviewing or criticizing a work
Quotation in scientific writings with citation
Reproduction of software for personal use and non-commercial purposes
Making backup copy of software for preservation
English rendering
[Unofficial translation]: Article 4 - The reproduction of a software program for personal use and not for commercial purposes shall not be considered an infringement of the rights of the creator. Article 5 - Making a backup copy of software for the purpose of preservation shall not be considered an infringement.
Source links
Act on Protection of Authors, Composers and Artists Rights (1970) / Law on the Protection of Computer Software (2000)
Current law confirmation · Effective 2025-01-01
60%
Relevant section: 1970 Act, Art. 7; 2000 Software Law, Arts. 4-5
Dates: Effective 2025-01-01
Why this score
As of 2025, Iran's copyright framework still consists primarily of the 1970 Act on Protection of Authors, Composers and Artists Rights and the 2000 Law on the Protection of Computer Software. The Copyright Bill drafted in 2010 (and revised versions in 2014/1393) has not been enacted by the Iranian Parliament. No new copyright legislation has entered into force. The most permissive research-relevant exception remains Article 7(1) of the 1970 Act, which permits 'use' (استفاده) of another's work for personal use (استفاده شخصی) and not for profit. This covers all types of exclusive rights ('use' is broad) and all types of works (no exclusions), but is restricted to personal/individual use. Article 7(2) permits use for criticism/review which could be GREEN for that specific purpose, but it does not constitute a general research exception. Article 7(3) is limited to quotation in scientific works (RED individually). There is no TDM exception, no library/institutional exception, and no general fair use or fair dealing clause. The classification is LIGHT BLUE: reproduction and other uses of full works are permitted for personal use by individuals, but sharing/institutional use is not covered. Non-commercial restriction is classification-neutral per the rules.
Exceptions considered
Use of another's work for personal use and not for profit — covers any type of use, any work, restricted to personal/individual use
Use for introducing, reviewing or criticizing a work — open to any user but limited to criticism/review purpose
Quotation in scientific, technical, educational writings with citation of source — limited to quotation/excerpts
Use in press, radio and television for education
Use in judicial and administrative proceedings
Reproduction of software for personal use and non-commercial purposes
Making backup copy of software for preservation
Original text
ماده ۷ - موارد زیر نقض حقوق پدیدآورنده محسوب نمیشود: ۱- استفاده از اثر دیگری برای استفاده شخصی و نه به منظور انتفاع.
English rendering
[Unofficial translation]: Article 7 - The following shall not be considered infringement of the rights of the creator: 1- Use of another's work for personal use and not for the purpose of profit.