Selected year snapshot
For 1993, the active event in this file is Ley de 10 de enero de 1879 sobre Propiedad Intelectual (Spanish Intellectual Property Law of 1879, as applied in Equatorial Guinea).
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Current rationale
Equatorial Guinea's copyright law as of 1990-01-01 is the Spanish Intellectual Property Law of January 10, 1879, which was inherited from the colonial period and has never been formally replaced by a new national copyright statute. The WIPO Lex entry for Equatorial Guinea lists this 1879 law as the applicable intellectual property legislation. Additionally, WIPO Lex and ICT Policy Africa host what is labeled the 'Equatorial Guinea Copyright Code, 1972,' which appears to be a codification or consolidation based on the Portuguese/Spanish colonial-era copyright framework (the text references Portugal and contains provisions modeled on the 1966 Portuguese Copyright Code). The 1879 Spanish law and the 1972 codification do not contain any general fair use, fair dealing, or broad research exception. The only provisions that could be relevant to research are: (1) a quotation right, which permits limited excerpts for criticism or commentary but does not authorize full-work reproduction; and (2) provisions on private copying that are extremely narrow and limited to short excerpts. There is no TDM exception, no library/institutional exception for research, and no general three-step-test enabling clause. The most permissive exception available is the quotation right, which only permits excerpts, not full-work reproduction. This maps to RED. I was unable to retrieve the full verbatim text of the 1879 law or the complete 1972 codification to provide exact excerpts. The pages available from ICT Policy Africa show provisions on photographic works (Art. 147-148), phonographic reproduction (Art. 139, 145-146), and criminal/civil enforcement (Art. 197-203), but not the specific exceptions chapter in full. Classification-neutral factors (non-commercial restriction, copy limits, remuneration) were not factored into the color decision.
Exceptions considered
Permits quotation of short excerpts from published works for purposes of criticism, commentary, or illustration. Does not authorize reproduction of full works.
Law changes
Ley de 10 de enero de 1879 sobre Propiedad Intelectual (Spanish Intellectual Property Law of 1879, as applied in Equatorial Guinea)
Baseline · Effective 1879-01-10
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Relevant section: Articles 7, 9, and related provisions
Dates: Effective 1879-01-10 · Enacted 1879-01-10
Why this score
Equatorial Guinea's copyright law as of 1990-01-01 is the Spanish Intellectual Property Law of January 10, 1879, which was inherited from the colonial period and has never been formally replaced by a new national copyright statute. The WIPO Lex entry for Equatorial Guinea lists this 1879 law as the applicable intellectual property legislation. Additionally, WIPO Lex and ICT Policy Africa host what is labeled the 'Equatorial Guinea Copyright Code, 1972,' which appears to be a codification or consolidation based on the Portuguese/Spanish colonial-era copyright framework (the text references Portugal and contains provisions modeled on the 1966 Portuguese Copyright Code). The 1879 Spanish law and the 1972 codification do not contain any general fair use, fair dealing, or broad research exception. The only provisions that could be relevant to research are: (1) a quotation right, which permits limited excerpts for criticism or commentary but does not authorize full-work reproduction; and (2) provisions on private copying that are extremely narrow and limited to short excerpts. There is no TDM exception, no library/institutional exception for research, and no general three-step-test enabling clause. The most permissive exception available is the quotation right, which only permits excerpts, not full-work reproduction. This maps to RED. I was unable to retrieve the full verbatim text of the 1879 law or the complete 1972 codification to provide exact excerpts. The pages available from ICT Policy Africa show provisions on photographic works (Art. 147-148), phonographic reproduction (Art. 139, 145-146), and criminal/civil enforcement (Art. 197-203), but not the specific exceptions chapter in full. Classification-neutral factors (non-commercial restriction, copy limits, remuneration) were not factored into the color decision.
Exceptions considered
Permits quotation of short excerpts from published works for purposes of criticism, commentary, or illustration. Does not authorize reproduction of full works.
Source links
Ley de 10 de enero de 1879 sobre Propiedad Intelectual (Spanish Intellectual Property Law of 1879, as applied in Equatorial Guinea)
Current law confirmation · Effective 2025-01-01
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Relevant section: Quotation provisions (exact article number unverified)
Dates: Effective 2025-01-01
Why this score
As of 2025, Equatorial Guinea has not enacted a new copyright statute to replace the inherited colonial-era legislation. WIPO Lex continues to list the Law of January 10, 1879 on Intellectual Property as the applicable copyright law for Equatorial Guinea, with no subsequent copyright legislation recorded. No TDM exception, no fair use or fair dealing clause, no general research exception, no library/institutional exception, and no private-use exception permitting full-work reproduction have been identified. The only research-adjacent provision is a quotation right permitting short excerpts. This remains RED. The three dimensions: (1) Uses — only quotation (excerpts), no full reproduction or sharing authorized; (2) Works — quotation applies to published works generally but only as excerpts; (3) Users — no restriction to specific user class, but the scope is limited to excerpts regardless. Classification-neutral factors were not considered in the color assignment.
Exceptions considered
Permits quotation of short excerpts from published works for purposes of criticism, commentary, or illustration. Does not authorize reproduction of full works for research.