Selected year snapshot
For 1999, the active event in this file is Loi n° 114/AN/96/3e L relatif à la protection du droit d'auteur.
60%
Current rationale
The most permissive research-relevant exception is Art. 11(1), which permits reproduction, translation and adaptation of a lawfully published work for 'exclusively personal and private purposes' (fins exclusivement personnelles et privées). This covers all types of works and permits full-work reproduction, but is restricted to personal/private use only — it does not authorize sharing, communication, or institutional use. Art. 12 permits only quotations (short extracts), not full-work reproduction, so it is RED individually. Art. 11(2) permits only 'short extracts' for teaching illustration, also RED. There is no general fair use, fair dealing, three-step-test enabling clause, TDM exception, or institutional/library exception. The private use exception (Art. 11(1)) is the most permissive and determines the classification as LIGHT BLUE. Uses: reproduction, translation, adaptation (but not sharing/communication). Works: all works. Users: individuals only (exclusively personal and private). Non-commercial restriction is classification-neutral.
Exceptions considered
Reproduction, translation and adaptation of a lawfully published work for exclusively personal and private purposes, without consent or remuneration
Short extracts of a work for purposes of illustration for teaching, to the extent justified by the purpose
Short extracts of a work for purposes of reporting current events
Quotations from a lawfully accessible work, conforming to fair practice, justified by scientific, critical, polemical, pedagogical or informational purpose
Reproduction of current affairs articles from newspapers/periodicals/broadcasts, with source indication, unless expressly reserved
Law changes
Baseline
Baseline · Effective 1990-01-01
?
Dates: Effective 1990-01-01
Why this score
No copyright statute for Djibouti has been verified as being in force on 1990-01-01. Djibouti's first identified copyright law is Law No. 114/AN/96/3rd L of September 3, 1996. Prior to that date, no copyright legislation specific to Djibouti could be located or verified via web search. It is possible that French colonial-era copyright law or post-independence decrees applied, but no statutory text could be retrieved or confirmed. Therefore the baseline is recorded as AMBIGUOUS with empty fields pending the first verifiable statute.
Loi n° 114/AN/96/3e L relatif à la protection du droit d'auteur
Relevant update · Effective 1996-09-03
60%
Relevant section: Art. 11, Art. 12, Art. 13
Dates: Effective 1996-09-03 · Enacted 1996-09-03
Why this score
The most permissive research-relevant exception is Art. 11(1), which permits reproduction, translation and adaptation of a lawfully published work for 'exclusively personal and private purposes' (fins exclusivement personnelles et privées). This covers all types of works and permits full-work reproduction, but is restricted to personal/private use only — it does not authorize sharing, communication, or institutional use. Art. 12 permits only quotations (short extracts), not full-work reproduction, so it is RED individually. Art. 11(2) permits only 'short extracts' for teaching illustration, also RED. There is no general fair use, fair dealing, three-step-test enabling clause, TDM exception, or institutional/library exception. The private use exception (Art. 11(1)) is the most permissive and determines the classification as LIGHT BLUE. Uses: reproduction, translation, adaptation (but not sharing/communication). Works: all works. Users: individuals only (exclusively personal and private). Non-commercial restriction is classification-neutral.
Exceptions considered
Reproduction, translation and adaptation of a lawfully published work for exclusively personal and private purposes, without consent or remuneration
Short extracts of a work for purposes of illustration for teaching, to the extent justified by the purpose
Short extracts of a work for purposes of reporting current events
Quotations from a lawfully accessible work, conforming to fair practice, justified by scientific, critical, polemical, pedagogical or informational purpose
Reproduction of current affairs articles from newspapers/periodicals/broadcasts, with source indication, unless expressly reserved
Original text
Art. 11. – Sont licites, sans le consentement de l'auteur et sans obligation de rémunération, les reproductions, traductions et adaptations suivantes d'une oeuvre licitement publiée : 1) la reproduction, la traduction et l'adaptation d'une oeuvre à des fins exclusivement personnelles et privées ; 2) de courts extraits d'une oeuvre à des fins d'illustration de l'enseignement, dans la mesure justifiée par le but à atteindre ; 3) de courts extraits d'une oeuvre à des fins de compte rendu d'événements d'actualité, dans la mesure justifiée par le but d'information à atteindre. Art. 12. – Sont licites, sans le consentement de l'auteur et sans obligation de rémunération, les citations tirées d'une oeuvre déjà licitement rendue accessible au public, à condition qu'elles soient conformes aux bons usages et dans la mesure justifiée par le but scientifique, critique, polémique, pédagogique ou d'information à atteindre, y compris les citations d'articles de journaux et de recueils périodiques sous forme de revues de presse. Art. 13. – Sont licites, sans le consentement de l'auteur et sans obligation de rémunération, la reproduction d'articles d'actualité politique, sociale, économique ou religieuse publiés dans des journaux ou recueils périodiques ou radiodiffusés, à condition que la source soit clairement indiquée et que la reproduction, la radiodiffusion ou la communication au public n'ait pas été expressément réservée.
English rendering
[Unofficial translation]: Art. 11. – The following reproductions, translations and adaptations of a lawfully published work are lawful, without the consent of the author and without obligation of remuneration: 1) the reproduction, translation and adaptation of a work for exclusively personal and private purposes; 2) short extracts of a work for purposes of illustration for teaching, to the extent justified by the purpose to be achieved; 3) short extracts of a work for purposes of reporting current events, to the extent justified by the informational purpose to be achieved. Art. 12. – Quotations taken from a work already lawfully made accessible to the public are lawful, without the consent of the author and without obligation of remuneration, provided that they conform to fair practice and to the extent justified by the scientific, critical, polemical, pedagogical or informational purpose to be achieved, including quotations from newspaper articles and periodicals in the form of press reviews. Art. 13. – The reproduction of articles on political, social, economic or religious current affairs published in newspapers or periodicals or broadcast is lawful, without the consent of the author and without obligation of remuneration, provided that the source is clearly indicated and that the reproduction, broadcasting or communication to the public has not been expressly reserved.
Source links
Loi n° 154/AN/06 du 23 juillet 2006 relative à la protection du droit d'auteur et des droits voisins
Relevant update · Effective 2006-07-23
60%
Relevant section: Art. 13, Art. 14, Art. 15
Dates: Effective 2006-07-23 · Enacted 2006-07-23
Why this score
Law No. 154/AN/06 replaced Law No. 114/AN/96/3e L as Djibouti's copyright statute. Based on the WIPO Lex record and the structure of the 1996 law it replaced, the 2006 law is understood to contain similar exceptions and limitations provisions. The WIPO Lex record confirms this is a law on 'Protection of Copyright and Related Rights.' However, the full statutory text of the 2006 law could not be retrieved verbatim from any accessible source during web search. The WIPO Lex page confirms the law's existence and date but does not reproduce the full text in an accessible format. Based on partial information and the legislative pattern of Djibouti (a francophone civil law jurisdiction following the OAPI/French model), the exceptions structure is expected to be substantially similar to the 1996 law: a private/personal use exception permitting full-work reproduction (LIGHT BLUE), quotation rights (RED), and short extracts for teaching (RED). No TDM, fair use, fair dealing, or institutional exception has been identified. Classification is maintained at LIGHT BLUE pending verification of the full text. Uses: reproduction for private purposes. Works: all works. Users: individuals only.
Exceptions considered
Reproduction for exclusively personal and private purposes (expected based on predecessor law and francophone copyright model)
Quotations conforming to fair practice for scientific, critical, pedagogical or informational purposes (expected)
Short extracts for illustration for teaching (expected)
Source links
Loi n° 154/AN/06 du 23 juillet 2006 relative à la protection du droit d'auteur et des droits voisins
Current law confirmation · Effective 2006-07-23
60%
Dates: Effective 2006-07-23 · Enacted 2006-07-23
Why this score
As of 2025, Law No. 154/AN/06 of 23 July 2006 remains the copyright statute in force in Djibouti. No subsequent amendment to the copyright exceptions and limitations provisions has been identified through web search. The WIPO Lex country profile for Djibouti lists this as the current copyright law. The classification remains LIGHT BLUE based on the expected continuation of a private/personal use exception permitting full-work reproduction but restricted to individual private use, with no sharing/communication right, no TDM exception, no fair use/fair dealing clause, and no institutional exception. Uses: reproduction only (no sharing). Works: all works (expected). Users: individuals only (private/personal). No TDM-specific exception exists. The quotation exception (RED) and teaching illustration exception (RED) are less permissive. Classification-neutral factors (non-commercial restriction, lawful publication requirement) were not factored into the color decision.
Exceptions considered
Reproduction for exclusively personal and private purposes
Quotations for scientific, critical, pedagogical or informational purposes
Short extracts for illustration for teaching