Selected year snapshot
For 1999, the active event in this file is The Copyright Law, 1976 (Law No. 59 of 1976).
100%
Current rationale
Section 7(1) provides a fair dealing exception for 'research' and 'private study' that is open to any user, any work, and covers 'dealing' (which encompasses any exclusive right, not only reproduction). There is no restriction to private or personal use — 'research' and 'private study' are listed as independent purposes alongside reporting of current events and criticism/review. The term 'fair dealing' covers any act with the work, including reproduction and communication. This is open to all users and all works, making it GREEN. The non-commercial qualifier is absent. Section 7(2) also provides for private reproduction of a published work in a single copy, which would be LIGHT BLUE standing alone, but the broader fair dealing clause in 7(1) is more permissive and determines the color. Classification-neutral factors (acknowledgment requirement for criticism/review) do not affect the color.
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research, private study, reporting of current events, criticism or review. Open to any user, any work, covers 'dealing' (any exclusive right).
Reproduction of a published work in a single copy for private use by the person making the copy, provided it does not conflict with normal exploitation.
Inclusion of quotations from a published work, and use for illustration for teaching purposes, compatible with fair practice.
Law changes
The Copyright Law, 1976 (Law No. 59 of 1976)
Baseline · Effective 1976-12-03
100%
Relevant section: Section 7
Dates: Effective 1976-12-03 · Enacted 1976-12-03
Why this score
Section 7(1) provides a fair dealing exception for 'research' and 'private study' that is open to any user, any work, and covers 'dealing' (which encompasses any exclusive right, not only reproduction). There is no restriction to private or personal use — 'research' and 'private study' are listed as independent purposes alongside reporting of current events and criticism/review. The term 'fair dealing' covers any act with the work, including reproduction and communication. This is open to all users and all works, making it GREEN. The non-commercial qualifier is absent. Section 7(2) also provides for private reproduction of a published work in a single copy, which would be LIGHT BLUE standing alone, but the broader fair dealing clause in 7(1) is more permissive and determines the color. Classification-neutral factors (acknowledgment requirement for criticism/review) do not affect the color.
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research, private study, reporting of current events, criticism or review. Open to any user, any work, covers 'dealing' (any exclusive right).
Reproduction of a published work in a single copy for private use by the person making the copy, provided it does not conflict with normal exploitation.
Inclusion of quotations from a published work, and use for illustration for teaching purposes, compatible with fair practice.
Original text
7.—(1) Copyright shall not be infringed by any fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research, private study, or the reporting of current events, or for criticism or review, whether of that work or of another work, if, in the case of a use for the purposes of criticism, review or reporting of current events by means of broadcasting or in a cinematograph film, it is accompanied by a sufficient acknowledgment.
Source links
The Intellectual Property and Related Rights (Amendment) Law of 2022 (Law No. 133(I)/2022)
Relevant update · Effective 2022-10-07
100%
Relevant section: Section 7 (as amended)
Dates: Effective 2022-10-07 · Enacted 2022-10-07
Why this score
The 2022 amendment law (Law No. 133(I)/2022), published in the Official Gazette on 7 October 2022, transposed several EU directives into Cyprus law, including Directive 2019/790 (DSM Directive) which requires TDM exceptions. According to the Mondaq summary by Chrysostomides Advocates, the law modernises copyright protection, establishes new obligations for online content sharing service providers, and grants access rights for sectors such as researchers. The law introduces TDM exceptions (transposing Articles 3 and 4 of the DSM Directive) and maintains the pre-existing fair dealing framework. Since the pre-existing fair dealing exception for research under Section 7(1) was already GREEN, and the 2022 amendments add TDM provisions that further support research uses, the overall classification remains GREEN. The TDM exceptions would independently be at least BLUE (reproduction for TDM) or GREEN (if covering communication), but the pre-existing fair dealing clause already provides GREEN coverage. I was unable to retrieve the full verbatim text of the 2022 amendment from official sources via web search; the WIPO Lex page for the consolidated text did not render the full statutory text in my search results.
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research, private study, reporting of current events, criticism or review. Open to any user, any work, covers 'dealing' (any exclusive right).
Text and data mining exceptions transposing EU DSM Directive Articles 3 and 4, permitting reproductions and extractions for TDM by research organisations and cultural heritage institutions (Art. 3 transposition) and by any person with lawful access (Art. 4 transposition, with opt-out).
Reproduction of a published work in a single copy for private use.
Source links
The Copyright Law, 1976 (as amended through Law No. 133(I)/2022)
Current law confirmation · Effective 2022-10-07
100%
Relevant section: Section 7
Dates: Effective 2022-10-07 · Enacted 2022-10-07
Why this score
As of 2025, the Cyprus Copyright Law (originally Law No. 59 of 1976, as amended most recently by Law No. 133(I)/2022) contains: (1) a fair dealing exception for research and private study under Section 7(1), which is open to any user, any work, and covers 'dealing' (any exclusive right including reproduction and communication), making it GREEN; (2) TDM exceptions transposing EU DSM Directive Articles 3 and 4, which permit reproductions and extractions for text and data mining purposes; (3) a private use exception for single-copy reproduction. The most permissive exception remains the fair dealing clause for research and private study, which is GREEN. Classification-neutral factors such as non-commercial restrictions, acknowledgment requirements, and lawful-access requirements were not factored into the color decision.
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research, private study, reporting of current events, criticism or review. Open to any user, any work, covers any exclusive right.
Text and data mining exceptions transposing DSM Directive Articles 3 and 4, covering reproductions and extractions for TDM by research organisations (Art. 3) and any person with lawful access (Art. 4, with opt-out).
Reproduction of a published work in a single copy for private use by the person making the copy.
Quotation from published works and use for illustration for teaching, compatible with fair practice.