Chile

Ley N° 17.336 sobre Propiedad Intelectual

Baseline · Effective 1990-01-01

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Relevant section: Art. 38

Dates: Effective 1990-01-01 · Enacted 1970-10-02

Why this score

The original Ley 17.336 of 1970, as in force on 1990-01-01, contained very limited exceptions. The principal research-relevant provisions were: Art. 38 (permitting quotation/citation from lawfully published works, limited to short passages/fragments for purposes of criticism, illustration, teaching, or scientific research — this is a quotation exception capped at excerpts, not full-work reproduction); and Art. 41 (permitting reproduction of short excerpts of protected works for teaching purposes in educational establishments). There was no general fair use or fair dealing clause, no private-use exception permitting full-work reproduction, no library/institutional exception for research, and no TDM exception. The most permissive research-relevant provision (Art. 38 quotation) was limited to short passages/fragments, which does not permit full-work reproduction. This maps to RED. Classification-neutral factors (non-commercial restriction, lawful publication requirement) were not factored into the color decision.

Exceptions considered

Source links

• Official text ↗

Ley N° 20.435 que modifica la Ley N° 17.336 sobre Propiedad Intelectual

Relevant update · Effective 2010-05-04

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Relevant section: Art. 71 B, Art. 71 C, Art. 71 D, Art. 71 E, Art. 71 J, Art. 71 K, Art. 71 L, Art. 71 M, Art. 71 N, Art. 71 Q

Dates: Effective 2010-05-04 · Enacted 2010-04-23

Why this score

Ley 20.435 (2010) introduced a comprehensive set of new exceptions into Ley 17.336. The research-relevant exceptions are: (1) Art. 71 Q — quotation exception permitting inclusion of 'brief fragments' (fragmentos breves) for citation, criticism, illustration, teaching, and research. This is capped at brief fragments, not full works, so it remains RED individually. (2) Art. 71 J — library/archive exception for reproducing works not available on the market, for preservation, replacement, or collection purposes. This permits full-work reproduction but only by non-profit libraries/archives and only for preservation/collection purposes, not for research use by patrons. (3) Art. 71 K — library/archive exception for copying 'fragments of works' (fragmentos de obras) at user request for personal use. This is limited to fragments, not full works. (4) Art. 71 L — library/archive exception for electronic reproduction for on-premises terminal consultation. This permits full-work reproduction but only for on-premises terminal access, which is insufficient for research copying/sharing. (5) Art. 71 B — provisional/transitory reproduction as part of technological process. Not a research exception per se. (6) Art. 71 C — disability exception. Not research-specific. There is no general fair use, fair dealing, or private-use exception for research permitting full-work reproduction. The most permissive research-specific exception (Art. 71 Q) is limited to brief fragments. The library exceptions either do not serve research copying (Art. 71 J is for preservation/collection) or are limited to fragments (Art. 71 K). Art. 71 L permits full-work reproduction but only for on-premises terminal display, not for providing copies to researchers. Overall classification remains RED because no exception permits a researcher to reproduce a complete work for research purposes. Classification-neutral factors were not considered.

Exceptions considered

Original text

Artículo 71 B.- Es lícita la reproducción provisional de una obra, en forma transitoria o accesoria, cuando tenga carácter de incidental, sea parte integrante y esencial de un proceso tecnológico y su único fin sea permitir una transmisión en una red entre terceros por parte de un intermediario, o una utilización lícita de una obra u otra materia protegida, que no tenga una significación económica independiente.

Artículo 71 C.- Es lícito, sin remunerar ni obtener autorización del autor, todo acto de reproducción, adaptación, distribución o comunicación al público, de una obra lícitamente publicada, que se realice en beneficio de personas con discapacidad visual, auditiva, o de otra clase que le impidan el normal acceso a la obra, siempre que dicha utilización guarde relación directa con la discapacidad de que se trate, se lleve a cabo a través de un procedimiento o medio apropiado para superar la discapacidad y sin fines comerciales.

Artículo 71 D.- Las lecciones dictadas en instituciones de educación superior, colegios y escuelas, podrán ser anotadas o recogidas en cualquier forma por los alumnos a quienes van dirigidas, pero no podrán ser publicadas, total o parcialmente, sin autorización de sus autores.

Artículo 71 E.- En los establecimientos comerciales en que se expongan y vendan instrumentos musicales, aparatos de radio o televisión o cualquier equipo que permita la emisión de sonidos o imágenes, podrán utilizarse libremente y sin pago de remuneración, obras o fonogramas, con el exclusivo objeto de efectuar demostraciones a la clientela, siempre que éstas se realicen dentro del propio local o de la sección del establecimiento destinada a este objeto y en condiciones que eviten su difusión al exterior.

Artículo 71 J.- Las bibliotecas y archivos que no tengan fines lucrativos podrán, sin que se requiera autorización del autor o titular ni pago de remuneración alguna, reproducir una obra que no se encuentre disponible en el mercado, en los siguientes casos:
a) Cuando el ejemplar se encuentre en su colección permanente y ello sea necesario a los efectos de preservar dicho ejemplar o sustituirlo en caso de pérdida o deterioro, hasta un máximo de dos copias.
b) Para sustituir un ejemplar de otra biblioteca o archivo que se haya extraviado, destruido o inutilizado, hasta un máximo de dos copias.
c) Para incorporar un ejemplar a su colección permanente.

Artículo 71 K.- Las bibliotecas y archivos que no tengan fines lucrativos podrán, sin que se requiera autorización del autor o titular ni pago de remuneración alguna, efectuar copias de fragmentos de obras que se encuentren en sus colecciones, a solicitud de un usuario de la biblioteca o archivo exclusivamente para su uso personal.

Artículo 71 L.- Las bibliotecas y archivos que no tengan fines lucrativos podrán, sin que se requiera autorización del autor o titular ni pago de remuneración alguna, reproducir una obra en formato electrónico, con el fin de incorporarla a un sistema de información en línea, para consulta gratuita de su contenido, en las terminales de redes de la respectiva institución, siempre que se trate de obras que se encuentren en sus colecciones y que no se encuentren disponibles en el mercado.

Artículo 71 M.- Las bibliotecas y archivos que no tengan fines lucrativos podrán, sin que se requiera autorización del autor o titular ni pago de remuneración alguna, reproducir, traducir, adaptar, distribuir o comunicar al público una obra en formato accesible, para uso exclusivo de personas con discapacidad visual, auditiva, o de otra clase que le impidan el normal acceso a la obra.

Artículo 71 N.- Es lícita, sin remuneración ni autorización del titular, la sátira o parodia que constituye un aporte creativo y se diferencia del original.

Artículo 71 Q.- Es lícita la inclusión en una obra, sin remunerar ni obtener autorización del titular, de fragmentos breves de obra ajena protegida, que haya sido lícitamente divulgada, y su inclusión se realice a título de cita o con fines de crítica, ilustración, enseñanza e investigación, siempre que se mencione su fuente, título y autor.

English rendering

[Unofficial translation]: Article 71 B.- The provisional reproduction of a work, in a transitory or accessory manner, is lawful when it is incidental in character, is an integral and essential part of a technological process, and its sole purpose is to enable a transmission in a network between third parties by an intermediary, or a lawful use of a work or other protected material, that has no independent economic significance.

Article 71 C.- It is lawful, without remuneration or authorization from the author, any act of reproduction, adaptation, distribution or communication to the public, of a lawfully published work, carried out for the benefit of persons with visual, auditory, or other disabilities that prevent normal access to the work, provided that such use is directly related to the disability in question, is carried out through an appropriate procedure or means to overcome the disability, and is without commercial purposes.

Article 71 J.- Libraries and archives that do not have profit-making purposes may, without requiring authorization from the author or rights holder nor payment of any remuneration, reproduce a work that is not available on the market, in the following cases: (a) When the copy is in their permanent collection and it is necessary for the purpose of preserving said copy or replacing it in case of loss or deterioration, up to a maximum of two copies. (b) To replace a copy from another library or archive that has been lost, destroyed or rendered unusable, up to a maximum of two copies. (c) To incorporate a copy into their permanent collection.

Article 71 K.- Libraries and archives that do not have profit-making purposes may, without requiring authorization from the author or rights holder nor payment of any remuneration, make copies of fragments of works in their collections, at the request of a user of the library or archive exclusively for their personal use.

Article 71 L.- Libraries and archives that do not have profit-making purposes may, without requiring authorization from the author or rights holder nor payment of any remuneration, reproduce a work in electronic format, for the purpose of incorporating it into an online information system, for free consultation of its content, at the terminals of the networks of the respective institution, provided that the works are in their collections and are not available on the market.

Article 71 Q.- It is lawful to include in a work, without remuneration or authorization from the rights holder, brief fragments of a protected work by another author, that has been lawfully disclosed, and its inclusion is made by way of citation or for purposes of criticism, illustration, teaching and research, provided that the source, title and author are mentioned.

Source links

• Official text 1 ↗
• Official text 2 ↗

Ley N° 17.336 sobre Propiedad Intelectual (as amended through Ley N° 21.045 of 2017 and subsequent amendments)

Current law confirmation · Effective 2025-01-01

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Relevant section: Art. 71 B, Art. 71 C, Art. 71 D, Art. 71 J, Art. 71 K, Art. 71 L, Art. 71 M, Art. 71 N, Art. 71 Q

Dates: Effective 2025-01-01

Why this score

As of 2025, the Chilean copyright law (Ley 17.336 as amended) remains in the same state regarding research exceptions as established by Ley 20.435 in 2010. No subsequent amendments have introduced a general fair use/fair dealing clause, a private-use exception permitting full-work reproduction for research, or a TDM exception. The most permissive research-specific exception remains Art. 71 Q (quotation/citation for research), which is limited to 'brief fragments' (fragmentos breves). The library exceptions (Art. 71 J, 71 K, 71 L) do not provide for full-work reproduction for research purposes: Art. 71 J is for preservation/collection only; Art. 71 K is limited to fragments; Art. 71 L is limited to on-premises terminal display. No provision permits a researcher to reproduce a complete work of any type for research. The classification remains RED. Uses: only inclusion of brief fragments (not full reproduction or sharing). Works: applies to all types of works but only brief fragments. Users: any user for Art. 71 Q; libraries/archives for Art. 71 J-L. Classification-neutral factors (non-commercial restriction, source attribution requirement) were not factored into the color decision. No TDM-specific exception exists in Chilean law as of 2025.

Exceptions considered

Original text

Artículo 71 Q.- Es lícita la inclusión en una obra, sin remunerar ni obtener autorización del titular, de fragmentos breves de obra ajena protegida, que haya sido lícitamente divulgada, y su inclusión se realice a título de cita o con fines de crítica, ilustración, enseñanza e investigación, siempre que se mencione su fuente, título y autor.

English rendering

[Unofficial translation]: Article 71 Q.- It is lawful to include in a work, without remuneration or authorization from the rights holder, brief fragments of a protected work by another author, that has been lawfully disclosed, and its inclusion is made by way of citation or for purposes of criticism, illustration, teaching and research, provided that the source, title and author are mentioned.

Source links

• Official text 1 ↗
• Official text 2 ↗