Selected year snapshot
For 1999, the active event in this file is Loi n° 96-564 du 25 juillet 1996 relative à la protection des œuvres de l'esprit et aux droits des auteurs, des artistes-interprètes et des producteurs de phonogrammes et vidéogrammes.
60%
Current rationale
The most permissive research-relevant exception is Article 29(2)/Article 32, which permits reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use. This covers full works (with exceptions for works of art used for identical purposes, digital databases, and computer programs). However, it is restricted to 'private use' of the individual making the copy, which limits the beneficiary class to individuals acting privately. It does not authorize sharing or communication. Article 29(3)(a)/Article 31 only permits short quotations (RED individually). Article 33 covers educational reproductions but is limited to teaching/examinations in non-profit educational establishments, not research generally. There is no general fair use, fair dealing, or open research exception. There is no TDM exception. The private use exception (Article 32) is the most permissive for research purposes, yielding LIGHT BLUE. The exclusion of digital databases and computer programs from the private use exception is noted but does not change the overall classification from LIGHT BLUE to ORANGE because the exception still permits full-work reproduction for most categories of works. However, the carve-out for digital databases could arguably make this ORANGE. On balance, since the exception permits full-work reproduction for the vast majority of work types (literary, musical, audiovisual, etc.) and only excludes specific narrow categories, LIGHT BLUE is appropriate. Non-commercial restriction and proportionality qualifiers are classification-neutral.
Exceptions considered
Reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use. Excludes copies of works of art for identical purposes, digital databases (whole or essential parts), and computer programs.
Short quotations justified by scientific, critical, polemical, educational or informational purpose, conforming to fair practice, with source attribution.
Reproductions exclusively for teaching or examinations in non-profit educational establishments, to the extent justified by the purpose, with source attribution.
Reproduction or communication of press articles on current economic, political or religious topics, or broadcast works of same character, with source indication.
Law changes
Loi n° 78-634 du 28 juillet 1978 portant protection des œuvres de l'esprit
Baseline · Effective 1978-07-28
?
Dates: Effective 1978-07-28 · Enacted 1978-07-28
Why this score
The copyright law in force on 1990-01-01 in Côte d'Ivoire was Loi n° 78-634 du 28 juillet 1978. Despite extensive web searching, I was unable to locate the full statutory text of this law online. WIPO Lex does not appear to host the full text of this 1978 law. Without access to the actual statutory text, I cannot identify the specific exceptions and limitations provisions, nor classify them. The law was superseded by Loi n° 96-564 du 25 juillet 1996. Because I cannot verify the content of the exceptions, AMBIGUOUS is assigned.
Loi n° 96-564 du 25 juillet 1996 relative à la protection des œuvres de l'esprit et aux droits des auteurs, des artistes-interprètes et des producteurs de phonogrammes et vidéogrammes
Relevant update · Effective 1996-07-25
60%
Relevant section: Articles 29, 30, 31, 32, 33
Dates: Effective 1996-07-25 · Enacted 1996-07-25
Why this score
The most permissive research-relevant exception is Article 29(2)/Article 32, which permits reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use. This covers full works (with exceptions for works of art used for identical purposes, digital databases, and computer programs). However, it is restricted to 'private use' of the individual making the copy, which limits the beneficiary class to individuals acting privately. It does not authorize sharing or communication. Article 29(3)(a)/Article 31 only permits short quotations (RED individually). Article 33 covers educational reproductions but is limited to teaching/examinations in non-profit educational establishments, not research generally. There is no general fair use, fair dealing, or open research exception. There is no TDM exception. The private use exception (Article 32) is the most permissive for research purposes, yielding LIGHT BLUE. The exclusion of digital databases and computer programs from the private use exception is noted but does not change the overall classification from LIGHT BLUE to ORANGE because the exception still permits full-work reproduction for most categories of works. However, the carve-out for digital databases could arguably make this ORANGE. On balance, since the exception permits full-work reproduction for the vast majority of work types (literary, musical, audiovisual, etc.) and only excludes specific narrow categories, LIGHT BLUE is appropriate. Non-commercial restriction and proportionality qualifiers are classification-neutral.
Exceptions considered
Reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use. Excludes copies of works of art for identical purposes, digital databases (whole or essential parts), and computer programs.
Short quotations justified by scientific, critical, polemical, educational or informational purpose, conforming to fair practice, with source attribution.
Reproductions exclusively for teaching or examinations in non-profit educational establishments, to the extent justified by the purpose, with source attribution.
Reproduction or communication of press articles on current economic, political or religious topics, or broadcast works of same character, with source indication.
Original text
Article 29 – Lorsque l'œuvre a été licitement publiée, l'auteur ne peut interdire : 1° Les représentations privées et gratuites effectuées exclusivement dans un cercle de famille ; 2° Les reproductions, traductions et adaptations destinées à un usage strictement personnel et privé et non destinées à une utilisation collective, à l'exception des copies d'une œuvre d'art destinées à être utilisées pour des fins identiques à celles pour lesquelles l'œuvre originale a été créée et des copies de programmes d'ordinateur autres que la copie de sauvegarde ; 3° Sous réserve de mentionner la source et le nom de l'auteur si ce nom figure dans la source : a) les analyses et courtes citations justifiées par le caractère critique, polémique, pédagogique, scientifique ou d'information de l'œuvre à laquelle elles sont incorporées ; b) les revues de presse ; c) la diffusion, même intégrale, par la voie de la presse ou de la télédiffusion, à titre d'information d'actualité, des discours destinés au public prononcés dans les assemblées politiques, administratives, judiciaires ou académiques, ainsi que dans les réunions publiques d'ordre politique et les cérémonies officielles ; d) la reproduction ou la communication au public d'articles d'actualité de discussion économique, politique ou religieuse publiés dans des journaux ou recueils périodiques, ou d'œuvres radiodiffusées ayant le même caractère, dans les cas où la reproduction, la radiodiffusion ou ladite communication publique n'en est pas expressément réservée ; 4° La reproduction d'une œuvre d'art en un lieu accessible au public, par un procédé différent de celui utilisé pour la création de l'original ; 5° La parodie, le pastiche et la caricature, compte tenu des lois du genre. Article 30 – Sont licites les reproductions ou communications d'articles publiés dans des journaux ou périodiques sur des sujets d'actualité économique, politique ou religieuse ou d'œuvres radiodiffusées de même caractère, à condition que la source soit clairement indiquée. Article 31 – Sont licites les courtes citations tirées d'une œuvre déjà licitement rendue accessible au public, à condition qu'elles soient conformes aux bons usages et justifiées par un but scientifique, critique, polémique, d'enseignement ou d'information, y compris les citations d'articles de journaux et de recueils périodiques sous forme de revues de presse, et à condition d'indiquer la source et le nom de l'auteur si ce nom figure dans la source. Article 32 – Sont licites les reproductions, traductions, adaptations, arrangements ou autres transformations d'une œuvre, faits exclusivement pour l'usage privé de celui qui les fait et non destinés à une utilisation collective. Toutefois, ne sont pas autorisées les reproductions d'une œuvre d'art destinées à être utilisées pour des fins identiques à celles pour lesquelles l'œuvre originale a été créée, ni les reproductions de la totalité ou de parties essentielles d'une base de données sous forme numérique, ni les reproductions de programmes d'ordinateur, sauf dans les cas prévus à l'article 46 de la présente loi. Article 33 – Sont licites, sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et sans rémunération, les reproductions d'une œuvre exclusivement destinées à l'enseignement ou aux examens dans des établissements d'enseignement dont les activités ne servent pas directement ou indirectement un but lucratif, dans la mesure justifiée par le but à atteindre, à condition que cette reproduction soit conforme aux bons usages et qu'il soit fait mention de la source et du nom de l'auteur si ce nom figure dans la source.
English rendering
[Unofficial translation]: Article 29 – When the work has been lawfully published, the author may not prohibit: 1° Private and gratuitous performances made exclusively within a family circle; 2° Reproductions, translations and adaptations intended for strictly personal and private use and not intended for collective use, with the exception of copies of a work of art intended to be used for the same purposes as those for which the original work was created and copies of computer programs other than backup copies; 3° Subject to mentioning the source and the author's name if that name appears in the source: a) analyses and short quotations justified by the critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informational character of the work in which they are incorporated; b) press reviews; c) the dissemination, even in full, by the press or by broadcasting, as current news information, of speeches intended for the public delivered in political, administrative, judicial or academic assemblies, as well as in public meetings of a political nature and official ceremonies; d) the reproduction or communication to the public of articles on current economic, political or religious topics published in newspapers or periodicals, or of broadcast works of the same character, in cases where the reproduction, broadcasting or said public communication is not expressly reserved; 4° The reproduction of a work of art in a place accessible to the public, by a process different from that used for the creation of the original; 5° Parody, pastiche and caricature, taking into account the laws of the genre. Article 30 – Reproductions or communications of articles published in newspapers or periodicals on current economic, political or religious topics or of broadcast works of the same character are lawful, provided that the source is clearly indicated. Article 31 – Short quotations taken from a work already lawfully made accessible to the public are lawful, provided that they conform to fair practice and are justified by a scientific, critical, polemical, educational or informational purpose, including quotations from newspaper articles and periodicals in the form of press reviews, and provided that the source and the author's name are indicated if that name appears in the source. Article 32 – Reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations of a work, made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use, are lawful. However, reproductions of a work of art intended to be used for the same purposes as those for which the original work was created, reproductions of the whole or essential parts of a database in digital form, and reproductions of computer programs are not authorized, except in the cases provided for in Article 46 of this law. Article 33 – Reproductions of a work exclusively intended for teaching or examinations in educational establishments whose activities do not directly or indirectly serve a profit-making purpose are lawful without the author's authorization and without remuneration, to the extent justified by the purpose to be achieved, provided that such reproduction conforms to fair practice and that the source and the author's name are mentioned if that name appears in the source.
Source links
Loi n° 2016-555 du 26 juillet 2016 relative aux droits d'auteur et aux droits voisins
Relevant update · Effective 2016-07-26
60%
Relevant section: Articles 35, 36, 37, 38, 39
Dates: Effective 2016-07-26 · Enacted 2016-07-26
Why this score
The 2016 law replaced the 1996 law but the exceptions relevant to research are substantively identical. The most permissive research-relevant exception remains the private use exception (Article 35(2)/Article 38), which permits reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use. This covers full works for most categories but excludes works of art for identical purposes, digital databases (whole or essential parts), and computer programs. It is restricted to private/personal use of the individual, does not authorize sharing or communication, and is not open to institutional use. Article 36 adds an explicit three-step test but only as a limiting condition on the exceptions in Article 35, not as an independent enabling clause. Article 37 permits only short quotations (RED). Article 39 is limited to educational establishments for teaching/examinations (PURPLE). No TDM exception exists. No general fair use or fair dealing clause exists. Classification: LIGHT BLUE based on the private use exception being the most permissive. The three-step test in Article 36 is a proportionality qualifier (classification-neutral).
Exceptions considered
Reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use. Excludes copies of works of art for identical purposes, digital databases (whole or essential parts), and computer programs.
Short quotations justified by scientific, critical, polemical, educational or informational purpose, conforming to fair practice, with source attribution.
Reproductions exclusively for teaching or examinations in non-profit educational establishments, to the extent justified by the purpose, with source attribution.
Three-step test: exceptions in Art. 35 may not prejudice normal exploitation of the work nor cause unjustified harm to the legitimate interests of the author. This is a limiting condition, not an independent enabling clause.
Reproduction or communication to the public of press articles on current economic, political or religious topics, or broadcast works of same character, with source indication.
Original text
Article 35 – Lorsque l'œuvre a été licitement rendue accessible au public, l'auteur ne peut interdire, sous réserve des dispositions de l'article 36 de la présente loi : 1° la représentation ou l'exécution privée et gratuite effectuée exclusivement dans un cercle de famille ; 2° la reproduction, la traduction et l'adaptation destinées à un usage strictement personnel et privé et non destinées à une utilisation collective, à l'exception des copies d'une œuvre d'art destinées à être utilisées pour des fins identiques à celles pour lesquelles l'œuvre originale a été créée et des copies de programmes d'ordinateur autres que la copie de sauvegarde établie dans les conditions prévues au point 2 de l'article 28 de la présente loi ; 3° sous réserve de mentionner la source et le nom de l'auteur si ce nom figure dans la source : a) les analyses et courtes citations justifiées par le caractère critique, polémique, pédagogique, scientifique ou d'information de l'œuvre à laquelle elles sont incorporées ; b) les revues de presse ; c) la diffusion, même intégrale, par la voie de la presse ou de la télédiffusion, à titre d'information d'actualité, des discours destinés au public prononcés dans les assemblées politiques, administratives, judiciaires ou académiques, ainsi que dans les réunions publiques d'ordre politique et les cérémonies officielles ; d) la reproduction ou la communication au public d'articles d'actualité de discussion économique, politique ou religieuse publiés dans des journaux ou recueils périodiques, ou d'œuvres radiodiffusées ayant le même caractère, dans les cas où la reproduction, la radiodiffusion ou ladite communication publique n'en est pas expressément réservée ; 4° la reproduction d'une œuvre d'art en un lieu accessible au public, par un procédé différent de celui utilisé pour la création de l'original ; 5° la parodie, le pastiche et la caricature, compte tenu des lois du genre. Article 36 – Les exceptions prévues à l'article 35 de la présente loi ne peuvent porter atteinte à l'exploitation normale de l'œuvre ni causer un préjudice injustifié aux intérêts légitimes de l'auteur. Article 37 – Sont licites les courtes citations tirées d'une œuvre déjà licitement rendue accessible au public, à condition qu'elles soient conformes aux bons usages et justifiées par un but scientifique, critique, polémique, d'enseignement ou d'information, y compris les citations d'articles de journaux et de recueils périodiques sous forme de revues de presse, et à condition d'indiquer la source et le nom de l'auteur si ce nom figure dans la source. Article 38 – Sont licites les reproductions, traductions, adaptations, arrangements ou autres transformations d'une œuvre, faits exclusivement pour l'usage privé de celui qui les fait et non destinés à une utilisation collective. Toutefois, ne sont pas autorisées les reproductions d'une œuvre d'art destinées à être utilisées pour des fins identiques à celles pour lesquelles l'œuvre originale a été créée, ni les reproductions de la totalité ou de parties essentielles d'une base de données sous forme numérique, ni les reproductions de programmes d'ordinateur, sauf dans les cas prévus à l'article 28 de la présente loi. Article 39 – Sont licites, sans l'autorisation de l'auteur et sans rémunération, les reproductions d'une œuvre exclusivement destinées à l'enseignement ou aux examens dans des établissements d'enseignement dont les activités ne servent pas directement ou indirectement un but lucratif, dans la mesure justifiée par le but à atteindre, à condition que cette reproduction soit conforme aux bons usages et qu'il soit fait mention de la source et du nom de l'auteur si ce nom figure dans la source.
English rendering
[Unofficial translation]: Article 35 – When the work has been lawfully made accessible to the public, the author may not prohibit, subject to the provisions of Article 36 of this law: 1° private and gratuitous performance or execution made exclusively within a family circle; 2° reproduction, translation and adaptation intended for strictly personal and private use and not intended for collective use, with the exception of copies of a work of art intended to be used for the same purposes as those for which the original work was created and copies of computer programs other than the backup copy established under the conditions provided for in point 2 of Article 28 of this law; 3° subject to mentioning the source and the author's name if that name appears in the source: a) analyses and short quotations justified by the critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informational character of the work in which they are incorporated; b) press reviews; c) the dissemination, even in full, by the press or by broadcasting, as current news information, of speeches intended for the public delivered in political, administrative, judicial or academic assemblies, as well as in public meetings of a political nature and official ceremonies; d) the reproduction or communication to the public of articles on current economic, political or religious topics published in newspapers or periodicals, or of broadcast works of the same character, in cases where the reproduction, broadcasting or said public communication is not expressly reserved; 4° the reproduction of a work of art in a place accessible to the public, by a process different from that used for the creation of the original; 5° parody, pastiche and caricature, taking into account the laws of the genre. Article 36 – The exceptions provided for in Article 35 of this law may not prejudice the normal exploitation of the work nor cause unjustified harm to the legitimate interests of the author. Article 37 – Short quotations taken from a work already lawfully made accessible to the public are lawful, provided that they conform to fair practice and are justified by a scientific, critical, polemical, educational or informational purpose, including quotations from newspaper articles and periodicals in the form of press reviews, and provided that the source and the author's name are indicated if that name appears in the source. Article 38 – Reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations of a work, made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use, are lawful. However, reproductions of a work of art intended to be used for the same purposes as those for which the original work was created, reproductions of the whole or essential parts of a database in digital form, and reproductions of computer programs are not authorized, except in the cases provided for in Article 28 of this law. Article 39 – Reproductions of a work exclusively intended for teaching or examinations in educational establishments whose activities do not directly or indirectly serve a profit-making purpose are lawful without the author's authorization and without remuneration, to the extent justified by the purpose to be achieved, provided that such reproduction conforms to fair practice and that the source and the author's name are mentioned if that name appears in the source.
Source links
Loi n° 2016-555 du 26 juillet 2016 relative aux droits d'auteur et aux droits voisins
Current law confirmation · Effective 2016-07-26
60%
Relevant section: Articles 35, 36, 37, 38, 39
Dates: Effective 2016-07-26 · Enacted 2016-07-26
Why this score
As of 2025, Loi n° 2016-555 remains the copyright law in force in Côte d'Ivoire. No subsequent amendments affecting exceptions and limitations for research purposes were identified via web search. The most permissive research-relevant exception remains the private use exception in Article 35(2)/Article 38, which permits reproduction, translation, adaptation, arrangement or other transformation of a work exclusively for the private use of the person making it, not intended for collective use. This covers full works (excluding works of art for identical purposes, digital databases in whole or essential parts, and computer programs). Uses: reproduction and transformation only, no sharing/communication. Works: most categories but with specific exclusions. Users: individuals acting privately only. No TDM exception exists. No general fair use or fair dealing clause exists. The three-step test in Article 36 operates as a limiting condition, not an enabling clause. Classification: LIGHT BLUE. The exclusions for digital databases and computer programs are noted but do not change the overall classification because the exception still permits full-work reproduction for the majority of work types. Non-commercial restrictions and proportionality qualifiers are classification-neutral.
Exceptions considered
Reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use. Excludes copies of works of art for identical purposes, digital databases (whole or essential parts), and computer programs.
Short quotations justified by scientific, critical, polemical, educational or informational purpose, conforming to fair practice, with source attribution.
Reproductions exclusively for teaching or examinations in non-profit educational establishments, to the extent justified by the purpose, with source attribution.
Three-step test: exceptions in Art. 35 may not prejudice normal exploitation of the work nor cause unjustified harm to the legitimate interests of the author. Limiting condition only.
Reproduction or communication to the public of press articles on current economic, political or religious topics, or broadcast works of same character, with source indication.
Original text
Article 38 – Sont licites les reproductions, traductions, adaptations, arrangements ou autres transformations d'une œuvre, faits exclusivement pour l'usage privé de celui qui les fait et non destinés à une utilisation collective. Toutefois, ne sont pas autorisées les reproductions d'une œuvre d'art destinées à être utilisées pour des fins identiques à celles pour lesquelles l'œuvre originale a été créée, ni les reproductions de la totalité ou de parties essentielles d'une base de données sous forme numérique, ni les reproductions de programmes d'ordinateur, sauf dans les cas prévus à l'article 28 de la présente loi.
English rendering
[Unofficial translation]: Article 38 – Reproductions, translations, adaptations, arrangements or other transformations of a work, made exclusively for the private use of the person making them and not intended for collective use, are lawful. However, reproductions of a work of art intended to be used for the same purposes as those for which the original work was created, reproductions of the whole or essential parts of a database in digital form, and reproductions of computer programs are not authorized, except in the cases provided for in Article 28 of this law.