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Ordonnance-Loi n° 86-033 du 5 avril 1986 portant protection des droits d'auteurs et des droits voisins.

Copyright exception history

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Selected year snapshot

For 1993, the active event in this file is Ordonnance-Loi n° 86-033 du 5 avril 1986 portant protection des droits d'auteurs et des droits voisins.

60%

Current rationale

As of 2025, the Ordonnance-Loi 86-033 of 5 April 1986 remains the copyright law in force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. No amending legislation affecting the exceptions and limitations provisions (Art. 23) has been identified. The most permissive research-relevant exception remains Art. 23(b), which permits reproductions, translations and adaptations for strictly personal and private use. This covers full works of any type but is restricted to individual private use — no sharing, no institutional use, no communication to the public is authorized under this provision. Art. 23(c) (short quotations for scientific purposes) is limited to excerpts. Art. 23(d) (extracts for teaching illustration) is limited to extracts and to teaching purposes. There is no fair use, fair dealing, general research exception, TDM exception, or library/institutional exception for research. Classification: LIGHT BLUE — full-work reproduction permitted but restricted to private/personal use. Classification-neutral factors (non-commercial restriction, lawful publication requirement) were not factored into the color decision.

Exceptions considered

Art. 23(b)60%Private UseMost permissive

Reproductions, translations and adaptations intended for strictly personal and private use of lawfully published works

Art. 23(c)0%Quotation

Analyses and short quotations justified by critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informational character

Art. 23(d)0%Educational

Reproduction or communication to the public of extracts of works for illustration of teaching

Law changes

Ordonnance-Loi n° 86-033 du 5 avril 1986 portant protection des droits d'auteurs et des droits voisins

Baseline · Effective 1986-04-05

60%

Relevant section: Art. 23, Art. 24, Art. 25

Dates: Effective 1986-04-05 · Enacted 1986-04-05

Why this score

The most permissive research-relevant exception is Art. 23(b), which permits reproductions, translations and adaptations intended for 'strictly personal and private use' (usage strictement personnel et privé). This covers reproduction of full works of any type, by any individual acting privately, but is restricted to personal/private use — it does not authorize sharing, communication, or institutional use. Art. 23(c) permits only 'analyses and short quotations' (analyses et courtes citations), which is limited to excerpts (RED individually). Art. 23(d) permits reproduction or communication of 'extracts' (extraits) for teaching illustration purposes, not full works, and is limited to teaching (not research per se). There is no general fair use, fair dealing, or open research exception. There is no TDM exception. There is no library/institutional exception for research. The private use exception (Art. 23(b)) is the most permissive for research purposes, permitting full-work reproduction but only for strictly personal and private use. The non-commercial nature of the restriction and the 'strictly personal' qualifier place this at LIGHT BLUE. No classification-neutral factors (remuneration, copy limits, lawful access) affected this determination.

Exceptions considered

Art. 23(b)60%Private UseMost permissive

Reproductions, translations and adaptations intended for strictly personal and private use of lawfully published works

Art. 23(c)0%Quotation

Analyses and short quotations justified by critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informational character

Art. 23(d)0%Educational

Reproduction or communication to the public of extracts of works for illustration of teaching

Original text

English rendering

Source links

Ordonnance-Loi n° 86-033 du 5 avril 1986 portant protection des droits d'auteurs et des droits voisins

Current law confirmation · Effective 1986-04-05

60%

Relevant section: Art. 23, Art. 24, Art. 25

Dates: Effective 1986-04-05 · Enacted 1986-04-05

Why this score

As of 2025, the Ordonnance-Loi 86-033 of 5 April 1986 remains the copyright law in force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. No amending legislation affecting the exceptions and limitations provisions (Art. 23) has been identified. The most permissive research-relevant exception remains Art. 23(b), which permits reproductions, translations and adaptations for strictly personal and private use. This covers full works of any type but is restricted to individual private use — no sharing, no institutional use, no communication to the public is authorized under this provision. Art. 23(c) (short quotations for scientific purposes) is limited to excerpts. Art. 23(d) (extracts for teaching illustration) is limited to extracts and to teaching purposes. There is no fair use, fair dealing, general research exception, TDM exception, or library/institutional exception for research. Classification: LIGHT BLUE — full-work reproduction permitted but restricted to private/personal use. Classification-neutral factors (non-commercial restriction, lawful publication requirement) were not factored into the color decision.

Exceptions considered

Art. 23(b)60%Private UseMost permissive

Reproductions, translations and adaptations intended for strictly personal and private use of lawfully published works

Art. 23(c)0%Quotation

Analyses and short quotations justified by critical, polemical, pedagogical, scientific or informational character

Art. 23(d)0%Educational

Reproduction or communication to the public of extracts of works for illustration of teaching

Original text

English rendering

Source links